Class 12 Accountancy Book PDF

Class 12 Accountancy Book

Accounting at the 12th class level typically covers fundamental concepts and principles in financial accounting, preparing students for more advanced studies in college or entry-level accounting positions in the workforce.

12th Accounting Book Topic Covered

1. Introduction to Accounting: Understanding the role of accounting in business, its importance, and basic terminology.
2. Accounting Equation: The foundation of double-entry accounting, where assets equal liabilities plus equity.
3. Recording Transactions: Learning how to record financial transactions using journals and ledgers.
4. Trial Balance: Preparing and understanding trial balances to ensure accuracy in recording transactions.
5. Financial Statements: Introduction to basic financial statements such as the Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow Statement.
6. Adjusting Entries: Understanding and making necessary adjustments at the end of an accounting period for accrued expenses, prepaid expenses, depreciation, etc.
7. Closing Entries: Learning how to close revenue and expense accounts at the end of an accounting period.
8. Inventory Valuation: Methods of valuing inventory such as FIFO (First-In, First-Out) and LIFO (Last-In, First-Out).
9. Bank Reconciliation: Reconciling bank statements with company records to ensure accuracy and identify discrepancies.
10. Financial Ratios: Introduction to analyzing financial statements using ratios to evaluate a company’s performance and financial health.
11. Budgeting: Basic principles of budgeting, including preparing budgets for revenue and expenses.
12. Cash Management: Understanding the importance of cash flow management and basic techniques for managing cash effectively.
13. Ethics in Accounting: Discussion of ethical considerations and principles in accounting practices.
14. Introduction to Taxation: Basic understanding of taxation principles, including types of taxes and their impact on financial statements.
15. Introduction to Accounting Software: Familiarization with basic accounting software for recording transactions and generating financial reports.

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