| First Amendment Act |
1951 |
Empowered the state to make the advancement of socially and economically backward classes; Added restrictions on freedom of speech and expression; Provided for state trading. |
| Sixth Amendment Act |
1956 |
Added new subject in Union list regarding taxes on inter-state trade and commerce. |
| Eighth Amendment Act |
1960 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs, STs, and Anglo-Indians in Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies; Amended article 334. |
| Tenth Amendment Act |
1961 |
Incorporated Dadra, Nagar and Haveli as Union Territory; Amended article 240. |
| Thirteenth Amendment Act |
1963 |
Formed State of Nagaland with special protection under Article 371A; Amended article 170. |
| Fifteenth Amendment Act |
1963 |
Enabled High Courts to issue writs beyond their territorial jurisdiction; Increased retirement age of High Court judges; Provided for appointment of retired judges as ad-hoc judges. |
| Twenty-Fourth Amendment Act |
1971 |
Affirmed Parliament’s power to amend any part of the Constitution, including Fundamental Rights; Made assent of President compulsory for Constitutional Amendment Bills. |
| Thirty-First Amendment Act |
1973 |
Increased elective strength of Lok Sabha; Decreased representation of Union Territories. |
| Thirty-Sixth Amendment Act |
1975 |
Made Sikkim the 22nd State of India. |
| Thirty-Seventh Amendment Act |
1975 |
Provided Legislative Assembly and Council of Ministers to Arunachal Pradesh. |
| Forty-Second Amendment Act |
1976 |
Enacted during the Emergency; Established supremacy of Parliament; Gave precedence to Directive Principles; Imposed limits on judiciary; Raised Lok Sabha term; Authorised Central armed forces for law and order. |
| Forty-Third Amendment Act |
1978 |
Repealed obnoxious provisions of 42nd Amendment Act; Restored civil liberties. |
| Forty-Fourth Amendment Act |
1978 |
Removed distortions introduced during Emergency; Reduced Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies’ term to five years; Changed Right to Property to legal right. |
| Forty-Fifth Amendment Act |
1980 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs, STs, and Anglo-Indians for further 10 years. |
| Forty-Sixth Amendment Bill |
1982 |
Authorised preparation of authoritative text of Constitution in Hindi. |
| Fifty-Second Amendment Act |
1985 |
Made defection to another party illegal. |
| Fifty-Third Amendment Act |
1986 |
Granted Statehood to Mizoram; Ensured non-interference by Central Government with laws of Mizoram. |
| Fifty-Fifth Amendment Act |
1987 |
Granted Statehood to Arunachal Pradesh. |
| Fifty-Sixth Amendment Act |
1987 |
Granted Statehood to Goa and formed new Union Territory of Daman and Diu. |
| Fifty-Seventh Amendment Act |
1987 |
Provided special provisions for setting up new State of Goa. |
| Fifty-Eighth Amendment Act |
1988 |
Provided special arrangements for reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in certain States. |
| Fifty-Ninth Amendment Act |
1988 |
Empowered Central Government to impose Emergency in Punjab. |
| Sixty-First Amendment Act |
1989 |
Lowered voting age from 21 to 18. |
| Sixty-Second Amendment Act |
1989 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs, STs, and Anglo-Indians for further 10 years. |
| Sixty-Third Amendment Act |
1989 |
Repealed Amendment 59 related to emergency powers in Punjab. |
| Sixty-Fourth Amendment Act |
1990 |
Extended President’s rule in Punjab by six months. |
| Sixty-Sixth Amendment Act |
1990 |
Brought land reforms within purview of Ninth Schedule. |
| Sixty-Ninth Amendment Act |
1991 |
Made Delhi a National Capital Region with Legislative assembly and Council of Ministers. |
| Seventieth Amendment Act |
1992 |
Included members of Pondicherry and Delhi legislature in electoral college for Presidential election. |
| Seventy-First Amendment Act |
1992 |
Added Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali languages in Eighth Schedule. |
| Seventy-Second Amendment Act |
1992 |
Made temporary provision for reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes in Tripura until re-adjustment of seats. |
| Seventy-Third Amendment Act |
1992 |
Ensured direct election to all seats in Panchayats; Reserved seats for SCs, STs, and women. |
| Seventy-Fourth Amendment Act |
1992 |
Ensured direct election to all seats in Nagarpalikas and Municipalities. |
| Seventy-Fifth Amendment Act |
1994 |
Provided for State-level Rent Tribunals; Excluded their jurisdiction from all courts except Supreme Court. |
| Seventy-Sixth Amendment Act |
1994 |
Related to reservation of seats in educational institutes and services under state for Backward Classes. |
| Seventy-Seventh Amendment Act |
1995 |
Continued policy of reservation in promotion for SCs and STs. |
| Seventy-Eighth Amendment Act |
1995 |
Included land reform laws in Ninth Schedule. |
| Seventy-Ninth Amendment Act |
1999 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs, STs, and Anglo-Indians for further 10 years. |
| Eightieth Amendment Act |
2000 |
Dealt with sharing of taxes between Union and States. |
| Eighty-First Amendment Act |
2000 |
Provided for unfilled vacancies of SC/ST in one year to be carried over to succeeding year. |
| Eighty-Second Amendment Act |
2000 |
Provided for relaxation in qualifying marks for SC/ST members in examinations/jobs/promotions. |
| Eighty-Third Amendment Act |
2000 |
Excluded reservation in Panchayats for SC/ST in Arunachal Pradesh due to tribal majority. |
| Eighty-Fourth Amendment Act |
2001 |
Extended ban on readjustment of seats in Lok Sabha and state legislatures for another 25 years. |
| Eighty-Fifth Amendment Act |
2001 |
Provided for consequential seniority in promotion for SC/ST government servants. |
| Eighty-Sixth Amendment Act |
2002 |
Provided Right to Education till 14 years and early childhood care till 6 years. |
| Eighty-Seventh Amendment Act |
2003 |
Readjustment and rationalisation of territorial constituencies based on 2001 census. |
| Eighty-Eighth Amendment Act |
2003 |
Provided for service tax. |
| Eighty-Ninth Amendment Act |
2003 |
Bifurcated National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes; Provided separate commissions for each. |
| Ninetieth Amendment Act |
2003 |
Maintained representation of Scheduled Tribes in Assam Legislative Assembly from Bodoland Territorial Areas District. |
| Ninety-First Amendment Act |
2004 |
Restricted size of Council of Ministers; Strengthened Anti-Defection laws. |
| Ninety-Second Amendment Act |
2004 |
Included Bodo, Dogri, Santali, and Maithili as official languages. |
| Ninety-Third Amendment Act |
2006 |
Provided 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes in government and private higher educational institutions. |
| Ninety-Fourth Amendment Act |
2006 |
Created Minister of Tribal Welfare in Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. |
| Ninety-Fifth Amendment Act |
2010 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies from 60 to 70 years. |
| Ninety-Sixth Amendment Act |
2011 |
Substituted “Odia” for “Oriya”. |
| Ninety-Seventh Amendment Act |
2012 |
Added co-operative societies in Article 19(1)(c); Inserted Article 43B related to promotion of co-operative societies; Added Part-IXB related to Co-operative Societies. |
| Ninety-Eighth Amendment Act |
2013 |
Empowered Governor of Karnataka for development of Hyderabad-Karnataka Region. |
| Ninety-Ninth Amendment Act |
2014 |
Formed National Judicial Appointments Commission. |
| Hundredth Amendment Act |
2015 |
Related to Land Boundary Agreement between India and Bangladesh. |
| Hundred-First Amendment Act |
2017 |
Introduced Goods and Services Tax (GST). |
| Hundred-Second Amendment Act |
2018 |
Gave Constitutional status to National Commission for Backward Classes. |
| Hundred-Third Amendment Act |
2019 |
Provided 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs). |
| Hundred-Fourth Amendment Act |
2020 |
Extended reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies. |
