APJ Abdul Kalam Biography
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam), often referred to as the “Missile Man of India,” was an eminent Indian scientist and the 11th President of India, serving from 2002 to 2007. He was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, into a modest family. His journey from a small-town boy to becoming one of the most respected leaders in India is truly inspirational.
Early Life and Education
Kalam came from a humble background; his father was a boat owner, and his mother was a homemaker. Despite economic challenges, he was a bright and hardworking student, especially interested in mathematics and physics. He completed his schooling at Schwartz Higher Secondary School and later pursued a degree in Physics at St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli. Subsequently, he studied aeronautical engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT).
Scientific Career
After graduating, Kalam joined the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) as a scientist. However, his major contributions came after he joined the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), where he played a pivotal role in India’s civilian space program. He was the project director of India’s first satellite launch vehicle (SLV-III), which successfully deployed the Rohini satellite in orbit in 1980, marking India’s entry into space exploration.
Kalam was also instrumental in leading India’s missile development programs. Under his leadership, India developed the Agni and Prithvi missiles, earning him the nickname “Missile Man of India.” His work in these fields was critical to making India self-reliant in defense technology.
Presidency (2002–2007)
In 2002, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was elected the 11th President of India. His presidency was marked by humility, vision, and a deep connection with India’s youth. Often referred to as the “People’s President,” Kalam inspired millions with his simplicity and determination to see India progress as a developed nation. He constantly engaged with students, motivating them to aim high and work towards achieving their dreams.
Post-Presidency and Legacy
Even after his term as president, Kalam remained active in public life, focusing on education, especially inspiring young minds. He authored several books, including “Wings of Fire”, an autobiography, and “Ignited Minds”, a book aimed at encouraging young people to pursue their dreams.
Kalam passed away on July 27, 2015, while delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management, Shillong. His sudden death shocked the nation, and he was given a full state funeral in his hometown of Rameswaram.
Awards and Honors
Throughout his career, Kalam received numerous awards, including:
- Bharat Ratna (India’s highest civilian honor) in 1997
- Padma Bhushan in 1981
- Padma Vibhushan in 1990
Inspirational Message
Kalam’s life and work continue to inspire generations of Indians. His famous quote, “Dream, dream, dream. Dreams transform into thoughts, and thoughts result in action,” reflects his optimistic and forward-thinking vision for the youth of India.