Organs of Government
The Organs government comprises three branches: the executive, the legislative, and the judiciary. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is the Head of State and exercises his or her power directly or through officers subordinate to him. The Legislative branch or the Parliament consists of the lower house, the Lok Sabha, and the upper house, the Rajya Sabha, as well as the president. The Judicial branch has the Supreme Court at its apex, 21 High Courts, and numerous civil, criminal, and family courts at the district level.
India is a democratic country where citizens elect representatives to hold official positions and form a government in their name. Every government has three organs: the Legislature, the Executive, and the Judiciary. These branches of the government make laws, ensure their execution and implementation, and interpret them while upholding the spirit of the Constitution.
Organs of Government Class 11 NCERT Download (Organs of Government Class 11)
- Legislature: It forms laws and procedures, along with examining the administration and its resolutions. The chief function of the legislature is to enact laws.
- It is the basis for the functioning of the other two organs, the executive and the judiciary.
- It is also sometimes accorded the first place among the three organs because until and unless laws are enacted, there can be no implementation and application of laws.
- Executive: It comprised of the President or Governor, Council of Minister at Union or State level, along with the administration which executes and enforces laws made by the legislature. The executive is the organ that implements the laws enacted by the legislature and enforces the will of the state.
- It is the administrative head of the government.
- Ministers including the Prime/Chief Ministers and President/Governors form part of the executive.
- Judiciary: The Supreme Court (SC) at the top level to the community courts at the bottom. They interpret the laws made. The judiciary is that branch of the government that interprets the law, settles disputes and administers justice to all citizens.
- The judiciary is considered the watchdog of democracy, and also the guardian of the Constitution.
- It comprises the Supreme Court, the High Courts, District and other subordinate courts.
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