List of National Symbols of India
India has several official national symbols like a flag, an anthem, a historical document, an emblem, a memorial tower, national heroes, a national bird, a national animal, etc. In this post, we have also provided the download link for the List of National Symbols of India PDF in English below.
The design of the national flag was officially adopted by the Constituent Assembly just before independence, on 22 July 1947. Other symbols that were designated on various occasions include the national animal, bird, fruit, and tree.
List of National Symbols of India
| Title | National Symbols |
|---|---|
| National Flag | Tiranga |
| National Anthem | Jana Gana Mana |
| National Calendar | Saka calendar |
| National Song | Vande Mataram |
| National Emblem | National Emblem of India |
| National Fruit | Mango |
| National River | Ganga |
| National Animal | Royal Bengal Tiger |
| National Tree | Indian Banyan |
| National Aquatic Animal | Ganges River Dolphin |
| National Bird | Indian Peacock |
| National Currency | Indian Rupee |
| National Reptile | King Cobra |
| National Heritage Animal | Indian Elephant |
| National Flower | Lotus |
| National Vegetable | Pumpkin |
| Oath of Allegiance | National Pledge |
List of National Symbols of India in Hindi (भारत के राष्ट्रीय प्रतीकों/चिह्न की सूची)
| S. No | शीर्षक | राष्ट्रीय चिह्न |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय ध्वज | तिरंगा |
| 2 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय चिन्ह् | अशोक स्तम्भ |
| 3 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय गान | जन गण मन |
| 4 | भारत का सर्वोच्च राष्ट्रीय पुरस्कार | भारत रत्न |
| 5 | भारत का राष्ट्रगीत | वन्दे मातरम् |
| 6 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय पशु | बाघ |
| 7 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय फल | आम |
| 8 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय पक्षी | मोर |
| 9 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय खेल | हॉकी |
| 10 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय जलचर | डॉलफिन |
| 11 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय वृक्ष | वट वृक्ष या बरगद का पेड़ |
| 12 | भारत की राष्ट्रीय मुद्रा | रुपया |
| 13 | भारत की राष्ट्रीय नदी | गंगा |
| 14 | भारत के राष्ट्रीयपिता | महात्मा गांधी |
| 15 | भारत का राष्ट्रीय दिवस | स्वतंत्रता दिवस, गाँधी जयंती और गणतंत्र दिवस |
| 16 | भारत की राष्ट्रीय लिपि या आधिकारिक लिपि | देवनागरी |
| 17 | भारत की राजभाषा | हिन्दी |
| 18 | राष्ट्रीय कैलेंडर | साका कैलेंडर |
Importance of National Symbols of India
The Importance of National Symbols is given below.
- They exemplify the rich cultural fiber that resides at the core of the country.
- Infuse a deep sense of pride in the hearts of Indian citizens.
- Represent a quality unique to India and its citizens.
- Popularize the object chosen.
- Help to preserve the chosen national symbol for generations to come.
National Symbols of India – Detailed Information
1) National Flag: Tiranga
Tiranga is the national flag of India. The flag is designed by Pingali Venkayya and was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 22nd July 1947. The top saffron colour, indicates the strength and courage of the country. The white middle band indicates peace and truth with Dharma Chakra. The green colour shows the fertility, growth, and auspiciousness of the land. Its design is that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter approximates the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.
2) National Emblem: State Emblem of India
The national emblem of India is adopted from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. Its motto is Satyameva Jayate; (“Truth Alone Triumphs). It features four Asiatic lions standing back to back, mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a galloping horse, a bull, and a lion separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus. The National Emblem symbolizes power, courage, confidence and at the bottom is a horse and a bull with a beautiful wheel Dharma chakra at the center.
3) National Calendar: Saka Calendar
Saka Calendar was introduced by the Calendar Committee in 1957. The usage of the Saka Calendar was officially started at 1 Chaitra 1879 Saka Era, or 22 March 1957.
4) National Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
The National Anthem of India Jana-Gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950. It was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the then Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. The first stanza contains the full version of the National Anthem.
5) National Song: Vande Matram
The song of India is Vande Mataram, composed in Sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji. On January 24, 1950, the President, Dr. Rajendra Prasad came up with a statement in the Constituent Assembly, “the song Vande Mataram, which has played a historic part in the struggle for Indian freedom, shall be honored equally with Jana Gana Mana and shall have equal status with it.” The first political occasion when Vande Matram was sung was the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. The song was a part of Bankimchandra’s most famous novel Anand Math (1882).
6) National Currency: Indian Rupee
The Indian rupee (ISO code: INR) is the official currency of the Republic of India. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Indian rupee symbol is derived from the Devanagari consonant “र” (ra) and the Latin letter “R” was adopted in 2010. It has been designed by Udaya Kumar Dharmalingam. The INR depicts an equality sign that symbolizes the nation’s desire to reduce economic disparity. The design of the INR was selected from among five shortlisted symbols. According to Udaya Kumar, the design is based on the Indian tricolor.
7) National Animal: Bengal Tiger
Royal Bengal Tiger is the national animal of India and ranks among the biggest cats in the world. It was adopted as the national animal of India in April 1973 due to the dwindling population of tigers. Prior to the tiger, the national animal of India was the Lion.
8) National Bird: Peacock
The Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus) is the national bird of India. A bird indigenous to the subcontinent, the peacock represents the unity of vivid colours and finds references in Indian culture. The Government of India declared the Peacock as the national bird of India on February 1, 1963. It is found in the drier lowland areas and a resident breeder across the Indian subcontinent.
9) National Aquatic Animal: Dolphin
The Ganges river dolphin has been declared as the National Aquatic Animal of India by the Indian government. It is also the city animal of the Guwahati. The South Asian river dolphin primarily found in the Ganges, Yamuna, Chambal river, Brahmaputra river, and their tributaries.
10) National Fruit: Mango
Mango (Mangifera indica), affectionately called King of Fruits is the National fruit of India. Its sweet fragrance and delectable flavors have won the hearts of many around the world since time immemorial. As the national fruit of India, it represents prosperity, abundance, and richness in favor of the country’s image.
11) National Flower: Lotus
The national flower of India is Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). It is an aquatic herb that is often termed as ‘Padma’ in Sanskrit and enjoys a sacred status among the Indian culture. The Lotus symbolizes spirituality, fruitfulness, wealth, knowledge, illumination, along with the purity of heart and mind.
12) National Tree: Banyan Tree
The national tree of India is the Banyan tree, designated formally as Ficus benghalensis. The tree is often a symbol of the fabled ‘Kalpa Vriksha’ or the ‘Tree of Wish Fulfillment’ as it is associated with longevity and has important medicinal properties. The very size and life span of the banyan tree make it a habitat for many creatures.
13) National River: Ganga
The Ganges or the Ganga is the national river of India. It originates in the snowfields of the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas as the Bhagirathi River. According to the Hindus, this is the most sacred river on the earth. Interestingly, the Ganga is also the longest river in India covering 2,510 km of mountains, plains, and valleys. The major Indian cities through which it passes are Varanasi, Allahabad, and Haridwar.
14) National Reptile: King Cobra
King Cobra or Snake eater (Ophiophagus hannah) is the National Reptile of India and is found in the forests of India and Southeast Asia. It is the world’s longest venomous snake which is capable of growing up to 19 ft and may live up to 25 years. They have the ability to inject 6 ml of venom in a single bite. It has its own cultural significance, in Hinduism King cobra is also known as Nagas and is considered as divine and worshiped Lord Shiva is often depicted with a cobra coiled around his neck.
15) National Heritage Animal: Indian Elephant
The Indian Elephant has been declared as the National Heritage Animal of India, native to mainland Asia. The Indian elephant has been listed as endangered and threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation.
16) Oath of Allegiance: National Pledge
The National Pledge is an oath of allegiance to the Republic Of India. It is commonly recited by Indians in unison at public events, especially in schools, and during the Independence Day and Republic Day celebrations. The pledge was originally composed in the Telugu language by writer Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao in 1962. It was first read out in a school in Visakhapatnam in 1963 and was subsequently translated into various regional languages.
You can download the List of National Symbols of India in PDF format using the link given below.